The Colosseum, or the Coliseum, originally the Amphitheatrum Flavium is an elliptical amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy, the largest ever built in the Roman Empire, built of concrete and stone. It is considered one of the greatest works of Roman architecture and Roman engineering.
Occupying a site just east of the Roman Forum, its construction started in 72 AD under the emperor Vespasian and was completed in 80 AD under Titus,[3] with further modifications being made during Domitian's reign (81–96).The name "Amphitheatrum Flavium" derives from both Vespasian's and Titus's family name.
Capable of seating 50,000 spectators,the Colosseum was used for gladiatorial contests and public spectacles such as mock sea battles, animal hunts, executions, re-enactments of famous battles, and dramas based on Classical mythology. The building ceased to be used for entertainment in the early medieval era. It was later reused for such purposes as housing, workshops, quarters for a religious order, a fortress, a quarry, and a Christian shrine.
Although in the 21st century it stays partially ruined because of damage caused by devastating earthquakes and stone-robbers, the Colosseum is an iconic symbol of Imperial Rome. It is one of Rome's most popular tourist attractions and still has close connections with the Roman Catholic Church, as each Good Friday the Pope leads a torchlit "Way of the Cross" procession that starts in the area around the Colosseum.
罗马斗兽场，亦译作罗马大角斗场、罗马竞技场、罗马圆形竞技场、科洛西姆、哥罗塞姆，原名弗莱文圆形剧场（Amphitheatrum Flavium），建于公元72至82年间，是古罗马文明的象征。遗址位于意大利首都罗马市中心，它在威尼斯广场的南面，古罗马市场附近。从外观上看，它呈正圆形；俯瞰时，它是椭圆形的。它的占地面积约2万平方米，最大直径为188米，小直径为156米，圆周长527米，围墙高57米，这座庞大的建筑可以容纳近九万人数的观众。
意大利古罗马竞技场罗马斗兽场（Colosseum）是古罗马帝国专供奴隶主、贵族和自由民观看斗兽或奴隶角斗的地方。
罗马斗兽场是在公元72年，罗马皇帝韦帕芗为庆祝征服耶路撒冷的胜利，由强迫沦为奴隶的八万犹太和阿拉伯俘虏修建而成的。 还有一种说法是，将俘虏来的奴隶卖给当地的罗马人，获得了巨大的收入，从而得以支持斗兽场建造的庞大支出。
